Data Extraction And Quality Assessment
The following information was extricated from each article: name of first author year of publication location of study study period number of cases, controls and total number of participants in the study age of participants total years of follow-up exposure values of soy relative risk ratios for PCa adjustments made for any covariates and study type. The term RR will be used in this study as a general term to denote the following: relative odds , rate ratio and odds ratios . Study quality was examined using the NewcastleâOttawa Scale, which is a validated scale used to assess the quality for case-control and non-randomized cohorts in a meta-analysis . This scale evaluates each study based on the following three categories: selection of cases and controls, comparability of studies, and exposure of the main variable . We regarded scores of 1â3, 4â6 and 7â9 as low, medium and high quality, respectively. The resulting quality score was included as a measurement of the strength of the evidence presented in each study and was not used to determine the inclusion or exclusion of studies. The significance of the study quality was analyzed in the subgroup analysis.
Lycopene And Other Components
One study randomly assigned 79 men before prostatectomy to a nutritionalintervention with tomato products containing 30 mg of lycopene daily tomato products plus selenium, omega-3 fatty acids, soyisoflavones, grape/pomegranate juice, and green/black tea or a control diet for 3 weeks. There were no differences in PSA values between the intervention and control groups. However, a post hoc exploratory analysis found lower PSA values in men with intermediate-risk prostate cancer who consumed the tomato products and in men with the highest increases in lycopene levels.
Can Drinking Soy Milk Prevent Diabetes And Prostate Cancer In Men
Soy milk is good for health. The best benefits of drinking soy milk are weight loss and diabetes prevention. Read the rest in this article.
Soy milk is non-dairy or plant-based milk which is made from soybeans. This is a healthy dairy alternative for the vegan diet. It doesnt lack in nutrients if compared to dairy as it is rich in vital nutrients like B-vitamins, Vitamin D, phytoestrogens, magnesium, omega 6 and omega 3 fatty acids. Considering the rich nutrient profile of soy milk, it helps in securing health by minimizing health risks. There are some reports that drinking soy milk regularly can cut down the risk of prostate cancer in men. Also, it stabilizes blood sugar to keep diabetes under control.
Soy milk is prepared by soaking soybeans overnight, grind them and squeezing out the milk from the beans. All the beneficial qualities of soybeans are there in soy milk that makes this a healthy drink. Here we have explained 7 amazing health benefits of drinking soy milk.
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Prostate Cancer Nutrition And Dietary Supplements Health Professional Version
On This Page
This cancer information summary provides an overview of the use of various foods and dietary supplements for reducing the risk of developing prostate cancer or for treating prostate cancer. This summary includes the history of research, reviews of laboratory and animal studies, and results of clinical trials on the following foods or dietary supplements:
Each type of dietary supplement or food will have a dedicated section in the summary, and new topics will be added over time. Note: A separate PDQ summary on PC-SPES is also available.
Prostate cancer is the most common noncutaneous cancer affecting men in the United States. On the basis of data from 2014 to 2016, it is estimated that 11.6% of U.S. men will be diagnosed with prostate cancer during their lifetimes.
Many studies suggest that complementary and alternative medicine use is common among prostate cancer patients, and the use of vitamins, supplements, and specific foods is frequently reported by these patients. For example, the Prostate CAncer Therapy Selection study was a prospective study that investigated mens decision-making processes about treatment following a diagnosis of local-stage prostate cancer. As part of this study, patients completed surveys regarding CAM use, and more than half of the respondents reported using one or more CAM therapies, with mind-body modalities and biologically based treatments being the most commonly used.
Ii: Correlation Between Prostate Cancer And Soybean Isoflavones From Diet Serum Epidemiological And Laboratorial Data
In recent decades, much evidence from epidemiological studies support the notion that frequent consumption of soybean foods, the most different diet between East and West, is beneficial for the protection against prostate cancer.
Soybeans are high in protein, for about 35% to 40% of the dry weight. They also contain 18% polyunsaturated fats, 30% carbohydrates, and some vitamins, minerals. They are the only legume that provides ample amounts of the essential omega-3 fatty acid alpha-linolenic acid.2 Soybeans are a rich source of isoflavones , a subclass of flavonoids that bind to estrogen receptors . Isoflavones are also discovered in peanut, alfalfa however, soybean contains the largest amounts of isoflavones in the nature. Soybeans and soy foods such as tofu, soymilk, and miso are the only significant dietary sources of these phytoestrogens. In soybeans, isoflavones bound to a sugar molecule as glycoside, and when soybean is fermented or digested, isoflavones could be released from the bounded sugar .
As the special nutrition in soybean compared to other plants, the isoflavones have many health benefits, including protection against chronic diseases, menopausal symptoms, osteoporosis and breast cancer or prostate cancer . The most effective soy isoflavones are well known as genistein and daidzein. Here, the relationship between each soybean isoflavones and prostate cancer would be further illustrated.
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Soy And Cancer Risk: Our Experts Advice
Theres a lot of conflicting information going around about soy: Is it healthy? Is it dangerous? And if its OK to eat, why do some people say it isnt?
Some of the misunderstandings come from the fact that studies in people and studies in animals may show different results. In some animal studies, rodents that were exposed to high doses of compounds found in soy called isoflavones showed an increased risk of breast cancer. This is thought to be because the isoflavones in soy can act like estrogen in the body, and increased estrogen has been linked to certain types of breast cancer.
But rodents process soy differently from people, and the same results have not been seen in people. Also, doses of isoflavones in the animal studies are much higher than in humans. In fact, in human studies, the estrogen effects of soy seem to either have no effect at all, or to reduce breast cancer risk . This may be because the isoflavones can actually block the more potent natural estrogens in the blood.
According to Marji McCullough, ScD, RD, strategic director of nutritional epidemiology for the American Cancer Society, soy foods are healthy and safe. But she advises against taking soy supplements which contain much higher isoflavone concentrations than food until more research is done.
Soy Milk And Psa Levels In Men With Progressive Prostate Cancer
Over the years there has been a lot of discussion, but few hard facts, about the impact of soy consumption on PSA levels in men with progressive prostate cancer.
Kwan et al. have now published data from a small, prospective, Phase II study on the effects of soy milk consumption in prostate cancer patients with biochemical failure after radiotherapy. They initially enrolled 34 patients with a rising PSA after radiation therapy for localized prostate cancer. The patients were instructed to consume 500 ml of soy beverage daily for 6 months. Five of the 34 enrollees withdrew before completing 1 month of soy . All remaining 29 subjects were included in the analysis.
The results of this study are reported as follows:
- The mean consumption of the assigned quantity of soy beverage was 93 percent.
- Mild gastrointestinal upset was the commonest side effect, but did not affect overall soy consumption.
- PSA levels showed a declining trend in 4/29 patients .
- There was a > 100 percent prolongation of PSA doubling time in 8/29 patients .
- PSA doubling time decreased by 50 percent in 5/29 patients .
The authors conclude that, over a period of 6 months, daily consumption of a soy beverage was well tolerated and was associated with a declining trend in PSA level or > 2 times prolongation of PSA doubling time in 41 percent of subjects.
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Circulating Isoflavones And Pca Risk
Nine articles measured circulating isoflavone concentrations and their associations with PCa risk. Specifically, these articles reported RR data for circulating genistein , circulating daidzein , and total circulating isoflavones . The pooled RR for circulating genistein and PCa risk was 0.87 , the pooled RR for circulating daidzein and PCa risk was 0.92 , and the RR for circulating isoflavones and PCa risk was 1.01 . None of the studies were significant for bias using Beggâs correlation test or Eggerâs linear regression test . The I2 index showed high heterogeneity amongst the studies included in the circulating genistein and circulating daidzein groups and low heterogeneity amongst the circulating isoflavone group . Funnel plots used to explore publication bias are shown in .
Forest plots for circulating genistein and risk of prostate cancer and circulating daidzein and risk of prostate cancer. These associations were indicated as a relative risk estimate with the corresponding 95% confidence interval .
How To Make Soy Part Of Your Diet
If youve turned up your nose at soy in the past, its time to take another look.
A tasty way to develop a fondness for soy starts with snacks, such as having a bowl of edamame and soy nuts , which look and taste a lot like peanuts.
Next, replace some cows milk in your diet with unsweetened and unflavored soy milk. An easy swap is in your coffee or tea, working up to cereal. If you cook, substitute soy milk for dairy in recipes. If you naturally like the taste of plain soy milkas many people dojust drink some!
Tofu comes in soft and firm varieties, and either way, it takes on the flavor of other ingredients in a dish, so if you dont naturally like tofu, try it in heavily seasoned foods like chili, curry and Asian stir-fries.
The caveat: Avoid highly processed soy foods such as soy-based hot dogs and burgers because they tend to contain little soy and lots of salt, fillers and preservatives.
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One Reason There Isnt A More Definitive Answer Is Because Isoflavone Either Acts Like Oestrogen In The Body Or Its Opposite
One reason there isnt a more definitive answer is because isoflavone either acts like oestrogen in the body, or its opposite. When we eat soya, isoflavone either binds to the alpha oestrogen receptor in the body, which stimulates a tumours growth rate, or the beta receptor, which decreases growth rate and induces apoptosis.
Isoflavone prefers to bind to beta receptors, says Bruce Trock, professor of epidemiology and oncology at Johns Hopkins School of Medicine in Maryland in the US. That makes it more likely to reduce potential cancer risk.
The impact of soya on breast cancer risk may depend on when we start eating it.
Most studies on Asian populations included women who have eaten it since early childhood and were probably also exposed to it in the uterus, says Trock, compared to Western studies involving women who mostly didnt eat soya until later in life.
Starting to consume soya products at an earlier age may make soya more beneficial
Giving soya to animals at the equivalent of middle age doesnt seem to reduce risk or growth rate of tumours, he says.
But if researchers feed mice prior to puberty, then expose them to carcinogens, they get fewer and smaller tumours than if you dont give them soya.
Soya cycle
Meanwhile, clinical and population data shows daily soya intake can halve the frequency and severity of hot flashes even when the placebo affect is taken into consideration, says Mindy Kurzer, professor of nutrition at the University of Minnesota.
Prostate Facts: What Is Your Prostate And What Has It Done For You Lately
- The prostate is a small gland that surrounds part of the urethra, the little tube that urine travels through before it exits the body. It secretes 30% of the fluid that makes up semen. The liquid the from the prostate helps sperm survive the vaginas acidic environment, but I would never call the prostate basic .
- Prostate cancer is the second most common cancer in men the US. Only skin cancer is more common for men. Im not going to dwell on the ins and outs of prostate cancertheres plenty of sites that exist for this purpose. The CDC offers an easy to follow article for prostate cancer awareness.
- Recommendations for prostate cancer screening seem like a hot mess nowadays. I know hot mess isnt a medical term, but Im just keeping it real. The U.S. Preventive Services Task Force recommends individualized decision making about screening for prostate cancer after discussion with a clinician, so that each man has an opportunity to understand the potential benefits and harms of screening and to incorporate his values and preferences into his decision.
Wait, what? Thats doctor speak for you should just talk to your doctor because screening may be helpful, but it may be harmful too. Ill probably end up getting my PSA check when Im the appropriate age, but Im going to keep some prostate cancer-preventing foods on my plate until we come up with something better.
The prostate with examples of prostate cancer
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Soy Intake And Pca Risk
Twenty-four articles evaluated dietary soy and soy isoflavone intake and PCa risk. These articles were further divided into groups that analyzed risk pertaining to total soy , unfermented soy food , fermented soy food , genistein , daidzein , total isoflavones , tofu , miso , soy milk , and natto intakes. Funnel plots used to explore publication bias are shown in .
Articles that reported soy intake as either a combination of multiple soy food items or as a single soy food item were classified as total soy intake. Sixteen articles reported the association between total soy intake and PCa risk. The pooled RR for this association was 0.71 . Neither Beggâs correlation test nor Eggerâs linear regression test for bias were significant. Heterogeneity amongst studies was analyzed using the I2 index to show high variation between studies .
Forest plots for total soy intake and risk of prostate cancer unfermented soy intake and risk of prostate cancer fermented soy intake and risk of prostate cancer genistein intake and risk of prostate cancer daidzein intake and risk of prostate cancer and total isoflavone intake and risk of prostate cancer. These associations were indicated as a relative risk estimate with the corresponding 95% confidence interval .
Can Soy Prevent And Treat Prostate Cancer
Written By Michael Greger M.D. FACLM on November 10, 2020
As I discuss in my video The Role of Soy Foods in Prostate Cancer Prevention and Treatment, a compilation of 13 observational studies on soy food consumption and the risk of prostate cancer found that soy foods appear to be protective. What are observational studies? As opposed to interventional studies, in observational studies, researchers observe what people are eating but dont intervene and try to change their diets. In these studies, they observed that men who ate more soy foods had lower rates of prostate cancer, but the problem with observational studies is that there could be confounding factors. For example, people who choose to eat soy also make other lifestyle decisions that lower the risk of cancer , maybe that is why they have less cancer. Most of the studies tried to control for these other lifestyle factors, but you cant control for everything. Whats more, most of the studies were done in Asia, so maybe tofu consumption is just a sign of eating a more traditional diet. Is it possible that the reason non-tofu consumers got more cancer is that they had abandoned their traditional diet? If only we could look at a Western population that ate a lot of soy. We can: the Seventh-Day Adventists.
That soy milk stat from the Adventist study is astounding. What about fermented soy foods, though? That was the subject of Fermented or Unfermented Soy Foods for Prostate Cancer Prevention?.
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Do Certain Foods Increase The Risk Of Prostate Cancer
Its not entirely clear which foods increase the risk of prostate cancer. Meat , fatty foods, carbohydrates, eggs, poultry, and milk are all prime suspects, however reports connecting these foods to prostate cancer are inconsistent . Several studies do raise a concern for dairy milk, specifically dairy calcium and protein. Recently, an extensive population study from the UK estimated that a 35g per day increase in dairy protein raises the risk of prostate cancer by 32% . This is the equivalent of drinking 4-5 cups of whole milk daily. If you are really concerned about your risk for prostate cancer, you may consider decreasing your meat and dairy intake.
Nutritional Facts Of Soy Milk
- Soy milk is rich in protein.
- Soy milk contains calcium for stronger bones.
- It is a good source of B-vitamins, iron and healthy fats.
- Soy milk contains essential amino acids for a healthy body
- Soy milk manages cholesterol by increasing good cholesterol levels and lowering bad cholesterol levels.
Watch this video to know the heart-healthy diet.
Read more such articles in Healthy Diet section.
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