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Can Teens Get Prostate Cancer

Cause Of Increasing Incidence

What Is a Normal PSA for a Man Without Prostate Cancer? | Ask a Prostate Expert, Mark Scholz, MD

We have considered several possible explanations for the increasing incidence, including improved recognition , screening practices, overdiagnosis, racial/ethnic shifts, societal factors, exogenous carcinogenic exposures, and increasing obesity among AYAs.

Improved recognition

Because prostate cancer originally was rarely considered in a young male, it may not have been recognized previously and thus was underdiagnosed. The increased incidence could have resulted from the increased implementation of diagnostic methodologies, including those for genomic predisposition syndromes. Figure C suggests a degree of underdiagnosis in that the youngest men have the higher proportion of metastatic disease at diagnosis. There may have been delays because of underdiagnosis that allowed the cancer ultimately to present with signs and/or symptoms of metastases. That these patients also had the highest proportion of unstaged disease may have been because of underdiagnosis related to less comprehensive workup and understaging. The increasing capability to detect and diagnose prostate cancer in young men is consistent with the observation that nearly all of the increase was of earlier stage disease rather than late-stage disease with distant metastases.

Prostate-specific antigen screening

Figure 7Am J Clin Pathol

Overdiagnosis

Human papillomavirus

Racial, ethnic, and familial factors

Environmental carcinogens

Obesity

Exercise

Societal factors

Young People’s Cancers Survival

  • More than 7 in 10 of people diagnosed with cancer at ages 15-24 in the UK survive for twenty years or more
  • More than 8 in 10 people diagnosed with cancer at ages 15-24 in the UK survive for ten years or more
  • Almost 9 in 10 people diagnosed with cancer at ages 15-24 in the UK survive for five years or more
  • Survival for young people’s cancers has increased since the 1990s in the UK
  • In the 1990s, around three-quarters of young people diagnosed with cancer survived beyond ten years, now it’s more than 8 in 10
  • Throughout Europe, young people cancer survival is highest in Northern Europe, lowest in the Eastern region and survival for England is below the average for Europe.

Should I Have A Psa Test

If you have no symptoms of prostate cancer and are thinking about having a PSA test, you should ask your doctor about the risks and benefits.

While some studies suggest PSA reduces mortality on a population basis, the test picks up large numbers of cancers that would have caused no symptoms or harm in the patient. This is known as overdiagnosis. Overdiagnosis of prostate cancer can lead to unnecessary treatments that have side effects such as sexual impotence, urinary incontinence and bowel problems.

It is important to balance the potential benefit of detecting a prostate cancer early against the risk that detection and treatment may not be necessary. Treatment may affect your lifestyle but it may also save your life.

Make your own decision about whether to be tested after a discussion with your doctor. Ensure you get good quality information to make an informed decision.

Screening tests for breast, bowel and cervical cancer can save lives, but there is still confusion around PSA testing for prostate cancer. Find more information here.

Remember, if you have any concerns or questions, please contact your doctor.

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In Teens And Young Men Prostate Canceron The Rise

Nick Mulcahy

Prostate cancer incidence in older adolescent and young adult men has increased in most countries, but the cause for the rise is uncertain, according to a new study September 25 in the journal Cancer.

“Men as young as 17 years are experiencing an increasing incidence of carcinoma of the prostate in much of the world,” write an international team of authors, led by Archie Bleyer, MD, Oregon Health and Science University’s Knight Cancer Institute in Portland.

They report that the incidence of prostate cancer has increased in all groups between ages 15 and 40 years and increased globally at a steady rate averaging 2% per year since 1990 .

However, prostate cancer is rare in young men, with incidence rates not rising above about 0.2 cases per 100,000 men until age 35 and being even lower at younger ages, per US data from the last two decades notably, the rate spikes dramatically between ages 35 and 39, approaching 1.8 cases.

However, at age 70, the rate is about 800 per 100,000 men.

Notably, in the United States, young men were > 6 times more likely than older men to have metastatic disease at diagnosis. They also had very poor 5-year survival rates, the study found.

The incidence increase is “disturbing” and the potentially related factors are “poorly understood,” said Suzanne M. Miller, PhD, professor of cancer prevention and control, Fox Chase Cancer Center/Temple University Health System, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, in an email to Medscape Medical News.

Both Us And Global Data

An Insight On Prostate Cancer, Its Causes And Treatment ...

The new study is based on US data from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results program and on global data from the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation’s Global Burden of Disease resource. Findings in the new study encompass North, South, and Central America , Europe, Asia, and Africa.

From 1990 to 2017, prostate cancer incidence in three age groups has “steadily increased” in all four study regions, the authors report.

Notably, the mortality rate of prostate cancer in these age groups did not mimic the incidence trend in any of these regions, having decreased or remained stable. There were some exceptions for 2016 and 2017, the most recent years of available data, during which the death rate increased in some regions and age groups.

There are a lot of unknowns about the incidence increase of prostate cancer in young men including its cause, say the authors.

They cite a long list of possible reasons for the increase, some linked to observational evidence and some not. One associated factor in the US will be familiar to observers of prostate cancer trends: prostate-specific antigen testing.

The authors point to a recent study that found that from 2000 through 2015 in the US, 2% of men aged 30 to 39 and 5% to 6% of those aged 40 to 49 years who had health insurance were screened with PSA tests, “contrary to all existing practice guidelines.” :S155)

What is certain to the researchers is that young American men with prostate cancer have dire survival rates.

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Recognizing The Symptoms Of Prostate Cancer

While there is no way to prevent prostate cancer, there are some risk factors that you should be aware of.

All men are at risk for developing prostate cancer. However, the following factors can increase risk:

  • Race: African-American men are 70% more likely to develop prostate cancer than Caucasian or Hispanic men.
  • Age: About 60% of cases are diagnosed in men aged 65 or older. Prostate cancer is also rare in men under 40. However, young men are not invincible and still develop prostate cancer.
  • Family history: If a man has an immediate blood relative with prostate cancer, they are twice as likely to develop the disease.

Your best chance to detect prostate cancer, or any disease, early is by using 3 Steps Detect. You should know your great. Tune in to your body so you can benchmark what is normal for you. This will allow you to recognize health changes sooner.

Next, take note of any changes in your health. Health changes, no matter how subtle, are your bodys way of telling you that something is wrong.

Be on the lookout for these common prostate cancer symptoms:

  • Problems urinating, including difficulty started or stopping
  • Loss of bladder control
  • Burning or pain when urinating
  • Frequent urges to urinate at night
  • Blood in urine

Why Does Prostate Cancer Happen

The causes of prostate cancer are largely unknown. But certain things can increase your risk of developing the condition.

The chances of developing prostate cancer increase as you get older. Most cases develop in men aged 50 or older.

For reasons not yet understood, prostate cancer is more common in men of African-Caribbean or African descent, and less common in Asian men.

Men whose father or brother were affected by prostate cancer are at slightly increased risk themselves.

Recent research also suggests that obesity increases the risk of prostate cancer.

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Prostate Cancer In Young Men: What You Should Know

04 October 2014

Dr. Troy Sukkarieh is a board-certified urologic surgeon specializing in robotic and advanced laparoscopic surgery. He is on staff at CentraState Medical Center in Freehold, N.J. Sukkarieh has authored numerous manuscripts in peer-reviewed journals and has delivered podium presentations on topics related to urology at several international summits. He contributed this article to Live Science’sExpert Voices: Op-Ed & Insights.

The number of younger men diagnosed with prostate cancer has increased nearly sixfold in the last 20 years. If you are below the age of 50, here are five things you should know about this dangerous trend.

1. Prostate cancer in younger men is more aggressive, and therefore more life-threatening, than in older men. Historically, prostate cancer has affected mostly men in their 70s or 80s, and their cancers have been slow-growing. In fact, many older men diagnosed with early-stage prostate cancer eventually die from other causes. Younger men don’t routinely undergo prostate-specific antigen and rectal exams until the recommended age of about 50 years old. This common cancer in men usually has no physical symptoms in its earlier stages. As a result, if aggressive prostate cancer is eventually diagnosed in men younger than 55, it has often already progressed to a later-stage cancer and is therefore more difficult to treat.

What Keeps These Micro

Let’s Talk about Prostate Cancer: Sex Therapy (Rhonda Fine PhD ARNP)

They are kept in check by a mix of the following elements:

In other words, when it comes to getting or not getting cancer, the glass is more than half-full.

So, should we just relax and not worry? Actually, thats not a productive question to ask. A more interesting one, that may actually produce interesting answers is:

What makes most people resistant to cancer?

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Large Research Studies Are Seeking Participants To Help Understand Prostate Cancer In Blacks

In 2018, the National Cancer Institute and Prostate Cancer Foundation launched a large-scale research effort to study underlying factors that put Black men at a higher risk for the disease. The five-year study is called RESPOND . The study will enroll 10,000 Blacks with prostate cancer. Those interested in participating can contact the studys leaders to learn more.

Another study led by Dr. Kantoff and colleagues is called IRONMAN . It is enrolling 5,000 men with advanced prostate cancer from diverse populations to look at genetic differences as well as different treatment patterns across the groups.

A lot of researchers have been studying this topic, but we dont have solid answers yet, so large studies should be very valuable, Dr. Kantoff says.

How To Tell Your Children

As a parent, you are the expert when it comes to your child. You know the best way of communicating with them, how they might react and what support they will need. Here are some things to think about:

  • See the first conversation as a starting point it is the beginning of an ongoing process of gradually giving your children small, relevant pieces of information and reassurance.
  • Allow the conversation to be directed by your childrens reactions and the questions they ask.
  • Listen and keep it as open as you can.
  • Try asking questions that encourage them to express what they are thinking, rather than a one word or two-word reply.

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Can Prostate Cancer Be Completely Cured

Prostate cancer is the second most common cancer in men. The average age of diagnosis is 66 year olds, although it may affect younger men as well. By age 80, more than half of all men have some cancerous growth in their prostate.

Due to routine screening of prostate-specific antigen levels in the United States, nearly 90% of prostate cancers get detected in early stages. In most cases, the cancer is confined only to the prostate and does not spread to other organs. With the widespread use of screening tests in the United States, early diagnosis of prostate cancer has become much easier.

When found early, there are several treatment options available and prostate cancer has a high chance of getting cured. Moreover, prostate cancer is a slow-growing cancer that takes many years to become big enough to cause symptoms. It also takes quite long to spread to other organs. This gives sufficient time for the doctors to treat it.

Oncologists recommend patients to not rush and take some time to understand the various treatment options available after consulting with more than one doctor. Patients can discuss various modes of treatment with the doctor and select the most appropriate option for their prostate cancer.

The 5-year survival rate for most men with local or regional prostate cancer is nearly 100%. There are more than three million survivors of prostate cancer in the United States today.

Brain And Spinal Cord Tumors

Cancer screenings seniors should consider

There are many types of brain and spinal cord tumors, and the treatment and outlook for each is different.

In children, most brain tumors start in the lower parts of the brain, such as the cerebellum or brain stem . Adults are more likely to develop tumors in upper parts of the brain. Tumors in adolescents can occur in either area.

Spinal cord tumors are less common than brain tumors in all age groups. These tumors can cause numbness, weakness, or loss of coordination in the arms or legs , as well as bladder or bowel problems.

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Prostate Cancer In Young Men: An Emerging Young Adult And Older Adolescent Challenge

Oregon Health and Science Center, Portland, Oregon

McGovern Medical School, University of Texas, Houston, Texas

Corresponding author: Archie Bleyer, MD, Knight Cancer Institute and Department of Radiation Medicine, Oregon Health and Science University, 2884 NW Horizon Drive, Bend, OR 97703

Oregon Health and Science Center, Portland, Oregon

McGovern Medical School, University of Texas, Houston, Texas

Corresponding author: Archie Bleyer, MD, Knight Cancer Institute and Department of Radiation Medicine, Oregon Health and Science University, 2884 NW Horizon Drive, Bend, OR 97703

What To Expect During The Exam

You can get a prostate exam easily and quickly at your doctors office. Generally, for cancer screenings, your doctor will take a simple blood test.

Your doctor might also choose to perform a DRE. Before performing this exam, your doctor will ask you to change into a gown, removing your clothing from the waist down.

During a DRE, your doctor will ask you to bend over at the waist or lie on the exam table in a fetal position, with your knees to your chest. They will then insert a gloved, lubricated finger into your rectum.

Your doctor will feel for anything abnormal, such as bumps or hard or soft areas that might indicate a problem. Your doctor may also be able to feel if your prostate is enlarged.

A digital rectal exam can be uncomfortable, especially if you have hemorrhoids, but isnt overly painful. It will last only a couple of minutes.

A DRE is one of your doctors tools that can help them detect several prostate and rectal problems, including:

  • BPH
  • prostate cancer
  • abnormal masses in your rectum and anus

Your doctor will be able to tell immediately if there are any areas of concern that may warrant further testing.

The results of a DRE exam are either normal or abnormal, but doctors typically rely on several different tests to help them make a prostate cancer diagnosis.

If your doctor feels something abnormal during the DRE, they will probably recommend getting a PSA blood test, if you havent done so already.

  • transrectal ultrasound

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New Study Finds Link Between Teenage Drinking And High

Study participants who drank heavily early in life were three times more likely to be diagnosed with an aggressive form of prostate cancer.

A new study out of the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill has found a link between early-life alcohol consumption and aggressive, high-grade prostate cancer. The study also found that heavy cumulative alcohol consumption over the course of a mans life had a similar association with this type of prostate cancer.

The research was published in the journal Cancer Prevention Research on August 23.

Theres been relatively little progress in identifying risk factors for prostate cancer, said Emma Allott, senior author for the study. Other hormonally regulated cancers, like breast cancer, already have a known association with alcohol use. But the role that alcohol consumption may have in the development of prostate cancer, especially over the life course, isnt as well understood, so it remains an important area of study.

Allott led the research, along with her collaborators, while she was an assistant professor of nutrition in the Gillings School of Global Public Health at UNC-Chapel Hill. Allott has since joined Queens University Belfast as a lecturer in molecular cancer epidemiology at the Centre for Cancer Research and Cell Biology.

The research was funded by the American Institute for Cancer Research, the Irish Cancer Society and the National Institutes of Health.

-Carolina-

What The Research Says

Life Expectancy with Prostate Cancer Diagnosis

Steps to reduce cancer risk often include a lot of things you shouldnt do. So, it may be welcoming news to learn that something many men find pleasurable may help reduce your risk of prostate cancer.

Researchers dont understand exactly why frequent ejaculation might provide protection against prostate cancer. One theory is that ejaculation rids the prostate gland of cancer-causing materials, infection, and matter that can cause inflammation.

Despite strong evidence in favor of frequent ejaculation, the theory remains controversial. And there are . The greatest controversy regarding these studies is about the age when ejaculation occurs.

A 2008 determined that men were more likely to develop prostate cancer if they were very sexually active in their twenties and thirties. The study also found no conclusive evidence that masturbation provide greater risk than intercourse.

Prostate cancer is the second most common kind of cancer men get. Skin cancer is the most common cancer. In the United States, one in seven men will get prostate cancer at some point in their life.

The following factors affect your risk of getting prostate cancer:

You may also have an increased risk if youve had sex with 30 or more women or if youve had a sexually transmitted disease. This may be because of your sexual habits. Alternately, it could be that you have a stronger sex drive due to higher levels of male hormones, which can be a risk factor.

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