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What Is Sbrt Treatment For Prostate Cancer

What Happens During Sbrt

SBRT for the Intermediate-Risk (Teal) Prostate Cancer | Prostate Cancer Staging Guide

Before treatment, your bowels must be emptied, yet your bladder should be full.

When you arrive for SBRT, youre positioned on a table, and the radiation therapist aligns you to small tattoos that are dotted on your skin. Next, a CT scanner built onto the radiation therapy machine takes a 3D image of your anatomy.

We usually implant markers into the prostate that can act like a GPS device, says Dr. Tendulkar.

Because of the high doses, a radiation oncologist, physicist and radiation therapist must all be present to verify that your position is perfect. If needed, they make millimeter adjustments to ensure the bladder and rectum are safely out of range.

Once the beam is turned on, treatment takes only three to four minutes, he says. If the markers show us that youre moving, well pause the treatment.

Our patients are typically in and out within half an hour.

Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy Demonstrates Efficacy In Longer Follow

byElizabeth Hlavinka, Staff Writer, MedPage Today October 22, 2018

SAN ANTONIO Fewer, higher-dose radiation treatments proved to be as effective as longer-course radiation treatments for men with prostate cancer, researchers said here.

In a sample of 1,641 low and intermediate-risk men treated with stereotactic body radiation therapy , 6% experienced biochemical recurrence and 0.6% experienced distant metastases, reported Amar U. Kishan, MD, of the University of California Los Angeles, at the American Society for Radiation Oncology meeting.

Action Points

  • Note that this study was published as an abstract and presented at a conference. These data and conclusions should be considered to be preliminary until published in a peer-reviewed journal.

Patients were divided into three groups: low-risk, favorable intermediate-risk, and unfavorable intermediate-risk, the most aggressive form observed in this study. After a 7-year follow-up, 95.5% of low-risk patients, 91.4% of favorable intermediate-risk patients, and 85.1% of unfavorable intermediate-risk patients were free of biochemical recurrence.

Overall survival rates were also high across groups: 91.4% for low-risk patients, 93.7% for favorable intermediate-risk patients, and 86.5% for unfavorable intermediate-risk patients, the Kishans group reported.

Overall, none of the patients observed in this study died from prostate cancer, the authors reported.

Disclosures

What Are The Side Effects

During the 2 weeks of treatment there are minimal side effects. Once the treatment is finished, short term side effects may develop for the next 4 6 weeks with some urine burning / discomfort, a slower stream, and more frequent urination. We prescribe Flomax to help with these symptoms. There may also be some irritation of the rectum along with some mucous in the bowel movements. These short term side effects will usually go completely away.

In the long term, which sometimes takes years to develop, there may be weakening of the erections causing erectile dysfunction . Viagra or Cialis can help. There can be some scarring and narrowing of the urine passage where it passes through the prostate, resulting in a slower stream. Rarely / occasionally a dilatation or T.U.R.P. is required.

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Response Evaluation And Follow

The patients prostate-specific antigen as well as the testosterone levels were checked every month. Biochemical progression was defined as PSA increased2 ng/mL from nadir . Biochemical progression-free survival was defined as the time from the date of SBRT delivery to the biochemical progression or the last follow-up. Local control was defined as local prostate lesions without progression. Overall survival was defined as the time from the beginning of radiation therapy to the last follow-up or death. Disease progression free survival was defined as the time from the date of the beginning of radiation therapy to any sites with clinical tumor progressions or death. Acute and late toxicity was scored according to CTCAE v 5.0.

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An Introduction To Sbrt

PPT

Prostate cancer treatments vary and can involve anything from simple monitoring, right through to more involved courses of radiotherapy and sometimes surgery, but the more recently developed SBRT method now provides patients with a proven, but far less invasive option of prostate cancer treatment.

Recent specialist research¹ has shown how the SBRT radiotherapy technique is capable of curing prostate cancer patients within as little as a couple of weeks this could effectively halve the number of treatment sessions required, as well as the overall duration of planned cancer treatment courses.

Although SBRT is delivered in as few as five treatment sessions throughout a one to two week period, it still provides the same level of radiation therapy thats usually administered throughout a less-accurate, less intense month-long course of treatment .

SBRT precisely delivers concentrated beams of radiation to the patients prostate this is done in an outpatient capacity, often using more recognisable trademarked technologies such as Clinac, CyberKnife, Gamma Knife or the X-Knife.

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Percent Cure Rate For Prostate Cancer Using Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy Research Shows

Date:
UT Southwestern Medical Center
Summary:
A new study — the first trial to publish five-year results from SBRT treatment for prostate cancer — found a 98.6 percent cure rate with SBRT, a noninvasive form of radiation treatment that involves high-dose radiation beams entering the body through various angles and intersecting at the desired target.

A five-year study shows that Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy to treat prostate cancer offers a higher cure rate than more traditional approaches, according to researchers at UT Southwestern Medical Center Harold C. Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center.

The study — the first trial to publish five-year results from SBRT treatment for prostate cancer — found a 98.6 percent cure rate with SBRT, a noninvasive form of radiation treatment that involves high-dose radiation beams entering the body through various angles and intersecting at the desired target. It is a state-of-the-art technology that allows for a concentrated dose to reach the tumor while limiting the radiation dose to surrounding healthy tissue.

Conventional treatment options for early stage prostate cancer include:

Terry Martin of McKinney, Texas, — about an hour outside Dallas — said the fewer number of treatments was a compelling advantage when he was evaluating treatment options.

Story Source:

Availability Of Data And Materials

The data that support the findings of this study are available from the patient records of the Kuopio University Hospital, but restrictions apply to the availability of these data, which was used under license for the purposes of the current study only, and so are not publicly available. The data in anonymized form is available from the authors upon reasonable request and with permission of Kuopio University Hospital.

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What Is Stereotactic Body Radiotherapy

Traditionally, prostate cancer radiotherapy has been delivered over the course of multiple treatment sessions with a low dose per treatment session. In order to deliver the total dose needed to eradicate prostate cancer, up to 45 treatments were needed, which translates to nine weeks of daily treatments . It has since become appreciated that prostate cancer appears to be uniquely sensitive to a higher dose per treatment session, such that prostate cancer could be eradicated in a much shorter amount of time with significantly fewer treatments. Various ways of doing this have been explored. Among them, stereotactic body radiotherapy , also known as stereotactic ablative radiotherapy, is a radiation therapy technique that allows the prostate radiotherapy course to be condensed to just five treatment sessions. With SBRT, advanced treatment delivery technologies and radiation planning parameters are used to deliver higher doses per day in a safe and effective manner.

SBRT is now supported by high level evidence as a safe and effective treatment for low and intermediate risk prostate cancer. The UCLA SBRT Prostate Cancer program is led by Dr. Amar Kishan and Dr. Michael Steinberg.

Clinical Outcomes For Prostate Sbrt

Clinical Trial: SBRT vs IMRT For Low Risk to Intermediate-Risk Prostate Cancer | PCRI

Table 1Full table

A randomized trial has demonstrated that a low-dose-rate brachytherapy boost added to whole pelvis EBRT to 46 Gy in 23 fractions provides superior FFBF when compared to dose-escalated EBRT for intermediate and high risk prostate cancer . Following a similar treatment paradigm, some investigators have suggested that SBRT can be used as a minimally-invasive alternative to brachytherapy as a method of delivering conformal radiation therapy and have demonstrated the efficacy of using a SBRT boost along with CF- EBRT for intermediate- and high-risk prostate cancer. The largest of these reports comes from Georgetown University, where 108 patients with prostate cancer were treated with SBRT to 19.5 Gy in 3 fractions followed by EBRT to the prostate, proximal seminal vesicles, and areas of extracapsular extension to 4550.4 Gy in 2528 fractions . The 3-year actuarial FFBF was 100% for intermediate- and 89.8% for high-risk patients. For a complete list of studies describing the outcomes of SBRT boost given in conjunction with EBRT, please see Table 2.

Table 2

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Overview Of Sbrt For Prostate Cancer

SBRT is defined by the American Society of Radiation Oncology as an external beam radiation therapy method used to precisely deliver a high dose of radiation to an extracranial target within the body, using either a single dose or a small number of fractions. Specialized treatment planning results in high target dose and steep dose gradients beyond the target . SBRT can be delivered using non-coplanar, non-opposing arcs with either a conventional linear accelerator or with a robotic-based radiosurgery system, as used in the Cyberknife® device . While most studies involving SBRT for prostate cancer to date have been conducted using a robotic-based radiosurgery system, there are no differences in outcomes for patients treated with either a gantry linear accelerator or a robotic-based radiosurgery system. Dosimetric studies demonstrate that isocentric RapidArc treatment using a gantry linear accelerator can provide superior coverage to the planning target volume with better rectum sparing, while delivering the treatment in a shorter period of time than SBRT delivered with a robotic-based radiosurgery system .

What Is The Data Supporting The Use Of Sbrt Treatments

As previously stated, these accurate, precise, and high-dose treatments require expertise so that the treatments can be delivered properly. Early results suggest that SBRT is as effective as, and likely more effective than standard radiation therapy – especially for early stage lung cancer, gastrointestinal tumors such as pancreatic tumors, and liver tumors. In lung tumors, there is convincing evidence from United States, Japan and Europe that SBRT may be as effective as surgery for early stage lung cancer. It is certainly the treatment modality of choice for patients who cannot undergo surgery to remove their tumors from either a medical or technical perspective. We cautiously state that our own results with SBRT at UCLA have shown similarly encouraging outcomes.

Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy is not for everyone. Because of the high dose nature of treatment, sound judgments have to be made in order to decide who may benefit most from this treatment option.

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What Makes Yale Medicines Approach To Sbrt Unique

As adept as Yale Medicine physicians and radiation therapists are at administering the treatment, they are equally adept at helping patients feel comfortable during the discussions and simulations. Yale Medicine has such a breadth and depth of experience, and so many doctors with subspecialties, that doctors can offer the patient the solace of undergoing treatment in a place where physicians have usually seen similar cases.

Yale Medicines multidisciplinary approach means that if the team wants additional consultations in individual instances, they can turn to skilled people across all departments.

High Dose Stereotactic Body Radiotherapy

High

High dose stereotactic body radiotherapy treatment of men with newly diagnosed prostate cancer appears to result in shorter treatment times, less severe toxicity and excellent cancer control rates.1-6

Although prostate cancer generally responds well to radiation therapy, the possibility of radiation exposure to healthy tissue in the genitourinary and gastrointestinal systems can be of concern. SBRT is an advanced technique that precisely targets high doses of radiation to the cancer in a small number fractions, simultaneously avoiding surrounding tissue and reducing toxicity to non-cancerous cells.

Men with early stage prostate cancer can currently be treated with surgical prostatectomy, brachytherapy or external beam radiation therapy . SBRT, a form of EBRT condenses the radiation treatment for prostate cancer into as few as four to five sessions . The technique has become the standard of care for many non-surgical lung cancer patients, as it limits exposure to the heart and surrounding lungs. When treating tumors in the prostate, SBRT avoids the adjacent bladder, sex organs and rectum.

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What Are The Indications For Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy

SBRT has been used for many localized tumors , or a few tumors throughout the whole body. The list of tumors that has been treated successfully at UCLA and throughout the world with SBRT continues to grow. They include: primary lung cancer, and tumors that have spread to the lung, pancreatic tumors, bile duct tumors, primary and metastatic liver tumors, kidney tumors, prostate cancer, pelvic tumors, sarcomas, metastatic tumors throughout the body , and more. .

In certain highly selected circumstances, we may be able to offer SBRT as the modality of choice for patients that have previously received a full dose of external beam radiation therapy and now have recurrent but localized tumors. SBRT is a rapidly maturing technology that requires specialized clinical and technical expertise.

Should Sbrt Be The Preferred Treatment For Intermediate

Last year, the American Society of Radiation Oncologists looked at the available evidence comparing hypofractionated radiotherapy to standard fractionation , and found it was at least as good in terms of oncological outcomes and toxicity. They found strong evidence for this recommendation . There are obvious benefits for the patient in terms of convenience and cost. They stopped short of strongly endorsing ultrahypofractionated radiation therapy , which is usually completed in only four or five treatments. There wasnt enough published data at the time.

Since then, there have been several published clinical trials, some with randomized comparisons. Jackson et al. have now compiled data from 38 prospective clinical trials comprising 6,116 patients treated with SBRT for localized prostate cancer. Their meta-analysis found that:

  • 5-year biochemical recurrence-free survival was
  • 95 percent among all patients
  • 97 percent among low-risk patients
  • 92 percent among intermediate-risk patients
  • 7-year bRFS was 94 percent among all patients
  • They also reported that

    • More studies included intermediate-risk than low-risk patients.
    • There were not enough high-risk patients to reliably report yet.
    • bRFS increased with higher doses of SBRT
    • bRFS was not affected by the use of adjuvant androgen deprivation therapy

    In terms of physician-reported toxicity, Jackson et al. found that:

    In terms of patient-reported adverse effects of treatment:

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    Do I Need To Come Back For Followup Visits And Psa Blood Tests

    We usually do the first followup visit 3 months after the treatment. The PSA is typically down to 1 2 at that visit, but will eventually drop to 0.1 0.2 by the five year mark. After the first visit, PSAs can be checked every 6 months, provided the PSA is dropping like expected. If the PSA is not responding well or is rising then we may recommend you get the PSA checked every 3 months.

    You can get your PSAs and followups done with your local family doctor or urologist if you wish to. You can also email me your PSA value anytime.

    Sbrt For Metastatic Prostate Cancer

    5-Session Radiation Treatment For Prostate Cancer (SBRT or Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy)

    Metastatic prostate cancer remains incurable and accounts for over 30,000 deaths in the United States each year . ADT is the backbone of therapy for patients with metastatic disease. Multiple recent clinical trials have demonstrated life-prolonging benefits of abiraterone acetate, enzalutamide, apalutamide, and docetaxel when added to ADT for patients with hormone-sensitive and castration-resistant metastatic prostate cancer . The toxicities of ADT and novel hormonal agentsdecreased bone density, increased risk of cardiovascular events, sexual dysfunction and neuropsychiatric symptomssupport the need for integrating metastasis-directed therapies into the treatment paradigm . The success of SBRT in palliating painful metastatic bone lesions and its favorable toxicity profile led to increasing interest in SBRT for patients with limited metastatic disease with the goal of either sparing patients the toxicity from systemic therapies or augmenting the effects of existing systemic therapy without leading to undue toxicity .

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    Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy For Prostate Cancer

    The safety and scientific validity of this study is the responsibility of the study sponsor and investigators. Listing a study does not mean it has been evaluated by the U.S. Federal Government. Read our disclaimer for details.
    Recruitment Status : Active, not recruitingFirst Posted : March 26, 2019Last Update Posted : August 25, 2021
    • Study Details

    The purpose of this study is to learn the long term efficacy and side effects associated with utilizing Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy radiation for prostate cancer utilizing the Elekta Versa or Agility System. SBRT uses advanced imaging techniques to deliver targeted radiation to a tumor. The Elekta Versa and Agility Systems are approved by the Food and Drug Association for SBRT treatment of cancer.

    Traditional External beam radiation therapy for prostate carcinoma is typically done over the course of approximately 42-45 daily treatments SBRT is a way to condense this treatment into a course of 5 treatments, delivering more dose per day.

    Condition or disease

    Phase
    Prostate Cancer Radiation: Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy radiation for prostate cancer utilizing the Elekta Versa or Agility System. Not Applicable

    Very promising early results utilizing SBRT for prostate cancer treatment have been described in the literature, and multiple ongoing phase 3 trials are underway.

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