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Where Is Prostate Cancer Located

Thinking About Taking Part In A Clinical Trial

Mayo Clinic Explains Prostate Cancer

Clinical trials are carefully controlled research studies that are done to get a closer look at promising new treatments or procedures. Clinical trials are one way to get state-of-the art cancer treatment. In some cases they may be the only way to get access to newer treatments. They are also the best way for doctors to learn better methods to treat cancer. Still, they’re not right for everyone.

If you would like to learn more about clinical trials that might be right for you, start by asking your doctor if your clinic or hospital conducts clinical trials.

Testing Options For Prostate Cancer

There is no one age for prostate cancer testing, but the American Cancer Society makes recommendations about prostate cancer screenings. According to the ACS, patients in any of these groups should consider asking their doctor about testing:

  • Men age 50 or older who have an average risk of prostate cancer and a life expectancy of at least 10 more years
  • Men age 45 or older with a high risk, including African-American men and those with a first-degree relative who had prostate cancer before age 65
  • Men age 40 or older who have a higher risk, such as more than one first-degree relative diagnosed with prostate cancer at an early age

Expert cancer care

What You Need To Know About The Prostate Where Is Your Prostate Located In Your Body Diagram

A enlarged prostate can also cause blockages in the urethra. A blocked urethra can also damage the kidneys. A patient suffering from an enlargement of the prostate may have pain in his lower abdomen and genitals. If pain is present, a digital rectal examination will reveal hard areas. A doctor may prescribe surgery or perform an endoscopic procedure. If the enlarged prostate is not completely removed, it will shrink.

While the size of an enlarged prostate will influence the extent of urinary symptoms, men may experience a range of urinary symptoms. Some men have minimal or no symptoms at all. Some men will have a very enlarged prostate, whereas others will have a mild enlargement. Generally, the symptoms can stabilize over time. Some men may have an enlarged prostate but not notice it. If they have an enlarged colon, their physician can perform a TURP procedure.

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Treatment Of Prostate Cancer

Cryotherapy is less well established long-term outcomes are unknown. Adverse effects include bladder outlet obstruction, urinary incontinence Urinary Incontinence in Adults Urinary incontinence is involuntary loss of urine some experts consider it present only when a patient thinks it is a problem. The disorder is greatly underrecognized and underreported. Many… read more , erectile dysfunction, and rectal pain or injury. Cryotherapy is not commonly the therapy of choice in the US but may be used if radiation therapy is unsuccessful.

Brachytherapy involves the implantation of radioactive seeds into the prostate through the perineum. These seeds emit a burst of radiation over a finite period and are then inert. Research protocols are examining whether high-quality implants used as monotherapy or implants plus external beam radiation therapy are superior for intermediate-risk patients. Brachytherapy also decreases erectile function, although onset may be delayed and patients may be more responsive to phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors than patients whose neurovascular bundles are resected or injured during surgery. Urinary frequency, urgency, and, less often, retention are common but usually subside over time. Other adverse effects include increased bowel movements rectal urgency, bleeding, or ulceration and prostatorectal fistulas.

If cancer localized to the prostate is high risk, various therapies may need to be combined .

Prostate Massage And Cancer

Prostate Cancer Stages

Men suspected of having prostate cancer should not be treated with prostate massage, as this may cause tumor cells to break off and spread to nearby tissues.

Theres some evidence that prostate massage, prior to certain tests for prostate cancer, may increase the sensitivity of the test, making it more likely the cancer will be detected.

However, a prostate-specific antigen blood test should not be conducted immediately after a prostate massage, as this could lead to false-positive results.

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Touching Your Prostate With Your Finger

  • 1See a trained professional if you want your prostate medically examined. Medical professionals do not recommend prostate self-exams. An untrained finger is unlikely to accurately recognize signs of problems, and there is a small but not inconsequential risk of damage to the rectum or prostate.XResearch source
  • Talk to your primary care doctor to determine if you should have a DRE to check your prostate.
  • Check your prostate if youre older than 40, have a high risk for prostate cancer, or if you have symptoms of an enlarged or infected prostates.
  • If you want to access your prostate for sexual pleasure, take all the precautions described in this article and work very slowly and gently.
  • 2Take a shower and clean between the cheeks thoroughly. Use soap, water, and a soft washcloth to clean the area as best you can, then rinse it out thoroughly with clean water from the shower. The cleaner you feel “up there,” the less self-conscious you’re likely to be when the time comes to insert your finger.
  • Dont use a rough washcloth or brush, scrub too vigorously, or try to clean deep into your rectum. You may damage the sensitive tissue in the area. Just accept that its not possible to get this area 100% clean.
  • Even when youre accessing your own rectum, its best to play it safe and wear a glove.
  • If you wear a ring on the index finger youll be using, remove it.
  • Your entire index finger should be fully coated from the tip down to at least the middle knuckle.
  • Considering Complementary And Alternative Methods

    You may hear about alternative or complementary methods that your doctor hasnt mentioned to treat your cancer or relieve symptoms. These methods can include vitamins, herbs, and special diets, or other methods such as acupuncture or massage, to name a few.

    Complementary methods refer to treatments that are used along with your regular medical care. Alternative treatments are used instead of a doctors medical treatment. Although some of these methods might be helpful in relieving symptoms or helping you feel better, many have not been proven to work. Some might even be harmful.

    Be sure to talk to your cancer care team about any method you are thinking about using. They can help you learn what is known about the method, which can help you make an informed decision.

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    How Will My Cancer Be Monitored

    Your doctor will talk to you about how often you should have check-ups. At some hospitals, you may not have many appointments at the hospital itself. Instead, you may talk to your doctor or nurse over the telephone. You might hear this called self-management.

    You will have regular PSA tests. This is often a useful way to check how well your treatment is working. Youll also have regular blood tests to see whether your cancer is affecting other parts of your body, such as your liver, kidneys or bones.

    You might have more scans to see how your cancer is responding to treatment and whether your cancer is spreading.

    Your doctor or nurse will also ask you how youre feeling and if you have any symptoms, such as pain or tiredness. This will help them understand how youre responding to treatment and how to manage any symptoms. Let them know if you have any side effects from your treatment. There are usually ways to manage these.

    Should You Get A Psa Test

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    The PSA test has come under fire because of concerns that it has led to over diagnosis and overtreatment. In 2013, the American Urological Association released new PSA screening guidelines for men based on their age, health, and risk profile.

    A protein made by the prostate gland and found in the blood. Prostate-specific antigen blood levels may be higher than normal in men who have prostate cancer, benign prostatic hyperplasia , or infection or inflammation of the prostate gland.

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    Looking For More Of An Introduction

    If you would like more of an introduction, explore these related items. Please note that these links will take you to other sections on Cancer.Net:

    • ASCO Answers Fact Sheet:Read a 1-page fact sheet that offers an introduction to prostate cancer. This free fact sheet is available as a PDF, so it is easy to print.

    • ASCO Answers Guide:Get this free 52-page booklet that helps you better understand the disease and treatment options. The booklet is available as a PDF, so it is easy to print.

    The next section in this guide is Statistics. It helps explain the number of people who are diagnosed with prostate cancer and general survival rates. Use the menu to choose a different section to read in this guide.

    Advanced Prostate Cancer Symptoms

    Men with advanced prostate cancer may experience additional symptoms. Thats because the cancer has spread from the prostate to other parts of the body, such as the bones or lymph nodes.

    Signs of metastatic prostate cancer may include:

    • Swelling in legs or pelvic area
    • Numbness or pain in the hips, legs or feet
    • Bone pain that persists or leads to fractures

    A wide range of treatment options are available for managing advanced cancer. These treatments kill cancer cells, but they may also help patients manage pain.

    Prostate cancer treatment: The care you need is one call away

    Your multidisciplinary team will work with you to develop a personalized plan to treat your prostate cancer in a way that fits your individual needs and goals.

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    Whats The Survival Rate For This Type Of Cancer

    In most men, the 5-year survival rate from prostate carcinoma is almost 100%. But, if the condition has spread outside the prostate gland and affects neighboring parts of the human body, the rate can drop to 31%.

    Thats why for some tumors, early screening is critical. Doctors can spot the illness in its early phases and manage it before it becomes a real threat. Plus, the sooner you detect the problem, the easier it can be to manage. You could only detect prostate carcinoma early with PSA testing.

    So, those at risk or have someone in the family who has developed the condition may benefit from regular screening. But, before you do any tests, you must consult with a doctor. They will let you know the best approach for your condition and whether or not you need screening and testing.

    Remember, everyones body is different. Even if the body is vulnerable to carcinoma, that doesnt mean you should expose the system to constant screening. You should only test for carcinoma if your doctor believes it is the right approach.

    Pa Sen Casey Has Cancer Thats Highly Curable Yet Subject Of Debate Over Benefits Of Screening

    Prostate Cancer: Causes, Symptoms And Treatment

    File photo shows U.S. Sen. Bob Casey, center, at the ribbon cutting ceremony for the new federal courthouse in Harrisburg on Dec. 9, 2022. Nearby, Gov. Tom Wolf greets Harrisburg Mayor Wanda Williams. Casey announced a prostate cancer diagnosis on Jan. 5, 2023. Wolf was successfully treated for the same disease in 2016 and 2017. Dan Gleiter | [email protected]

    Prostate cancer is the most common cancer among men, striking about one in eight over the course of their lifetime.

    U.S. Sen. Bob Casey announced Thursday he has the disease and will undergo surgery. The 62-year-old Democrat called his prognosis excellent and said hes expected to make a full recovery.

    Prostate cancer also struck Pennsylvania Gov. Tom Wolf. He announced his diagnosis in February, 2016, when he was 67. About a year later he announced he had been given a clean bill of health he didnt disclose his specific treatment.

    Wolf continued to work during his treatment.

    The five-year survival rate for prostate cancer is 98%, the highest rate among common cancers, according to the American Cancer Society. For comparison, the rate among women diagnosed with breast cancer is 90%.

    Here are the basics about prostate cancer:

    This should take place at age 50 for men of average risk at age 45 for men considered at higher risk , and at age 40 men who have more than one relative who had prostate cancer while younger than 65.

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    Prostate Zones And Prostate Cancer All You Need To Know

    Prostate carcinoma is a serious health problem for men all around the globe. In fact, the disease is affecting around 1 in every 6 men.

    Those who suspect they have cancer do a prostate biopsy and MRI screening. The sooner you detect the illness, the easier it can be to manage it.

    But, its critical to understand the prostate zones when you want to know more about them. Identifying the zone can help you learn more about the male body and its cancer susceptibility. This is a detailed review of the zones and their connection to prostate cancer.

    Other Locations Of Pain From Prostate Cancer

    Pain during urination

    Leg and foot pain from swelling/edema

    Shooting, burning or stabbing pain can occur in the lower extremities if a metastasis is pressing against a nerve.

    Lower abdominal pain or soreness can occur if a tumor is causing pressure on the organs that surround the prostate.

    If youve been having any of the following symptoms, many benign conditions can explain them. But so can prostate cancer. Better safe than sorry.

    Get yourself checked out if youve been experiencing any of the following:

    Urination discomfort of any sort

    Any difficulty with urination

    Increased urges to urinate overnight

    Loss of bladder control

    Reduced flow of urine stream

    Appearance of blood in the urine

    Numbness in the lower extremities

    Unexplained fatigue or weight loss

    WARNING: Many of the aforementioned symptoms are signs of advanced disease.

    The time to get checked is at the first sign of symptoms, even if they seem trite such as reduced urine stream or having more urges to urinate overnight.

    Furthermore, annual PSA tests are highly recommended beginning at age 50 for men at average risk of prostate cancer.

    For more information on prostate cancer screening, call Cancer Center Treatments of America at 993-3381.
    Lorra Garrick has been covering medical, fitness and cybersecurity topics for many years, having written thousands of articles for print magazines and websites, including as a ghostwriter. Shes also a former ACE-certified personal trainer.
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    Understanding Changes In Prostate Function

    Its normal for the prostate to grow in size throughout a mans life. The prostate goes through two main growth periods, the first of which happens early in puberty when the prostate doubles in size. The second growth phase usually starts around age 25 and continues throughout most of a mans life .

    Many men report needing to get up to pee more often during the night than they did when they were younger, and a lot of the time, an increase in the size of the prostate is the cause of their nighttime urination, also known as nocturia.

    A growing prostate can cause various urinary problems . Some of these will be manageable, while others can take a real toll on your quality of life. Regardless of how common lower urinary tract symptoms are, its a good idea to discuss them with your healthcare provider since there are many treatments available to alleviate your symptoms.

    Types Of Prostate Cancer

    10 Warning Signs of Prostate Cancer

    Almost all prostate cancers are adenocarcinomas. These cancers develop from the gland cells .

    Other types of cancer that can start in the prostate include:

    • Small cell carcinomas
    • Neuroendocrine tumors
    • Transitional cell carcinomas

    These other types of prostate cancer are rare. If you are told you have prostate cancer, it is almost certain to be an adenocarcinoma.

    Some prostate cancers grow and spread quickly, but most grow slowly. In fact, autopsy studies show that many older men who died of other causes also had prostate cancer that never affected them during their lives. In many cases, neither they nor their doctors even knew they had it.

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    Gene And Protein Expression

    About 20,000 protein coding genes are expressed in human cells and almost 75% of these genes are expressed in the normal prostate. About 150 of these genes are more specifically expressed in the prostate, with about 20 genes being highly prostate specific. The corresponding specific proteins are expressed in the glandular and secretory cells of the prostatic gland and have functions that are important for the characteristics of , including prostate-specific proteins, such as the prostate specific antigen , and the Prostatic acid phosphatase.

    In the developing embryo, at the hind end lies an inpouching called the cloaca. This, over the fourth to the seventh week, divides into a urogenital sinus and the beginnings of the , with a wall forming between these two inpouchings called the urorectal septum. The urogenital sinus divides into three parts, with the middle part forming the urethra the upper part is largest and becomes the urinary bladder, and the lower part then changes depending on the biological sex of the embryo.

    Risk Of Prostate Cancer

    About 1 man in 8 will be diagnosed with prostate cancer during his lifetime.

    Prostate cancer is more likely to develop in older men and in non-Hispanic Black men. About 6 cases in 10 are diagnosed in men who are 65 or older, and it is rare in men under 40. The average age of men at diagnosis is about 66.

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